Freedom:
Linux is a free, open source operating system.
We can Customize the OS as we like.
Software Management:
Linux uses package Managers like apt, yum, rpm, these help to install and uninstall the applications from software repositories.
i.e., Enter a command, the package Manager will grab the latest version of that software and installs it.
Linux have something called a Live kernel, It means the operating system will fully get updated while OS is still running.
For some driver updates, kernel updates it may require reboot.
Performance:
Linux can run from a small electronic device to super computers.
we can use Linux in small electronic device by
making it into a tiny OS package that made for one thing and one thing only for better performance.
With same Hardware Recourses when compared to windows, Linux performance is more, because Linux is very lightweight while Windows is fatty. In windows, a lot of programs run in the background and they eat up the RAM. Secondly, in Linux, the file system is very much organized.
Even Microsoft uses Linux to run Azure.
Stability:
Linux is more stable Operating System.
If a single application program crashes, the kernel runs without interruption.
A very Few things such as hardware Failure will cause a kernel Crash.
As Linux is open source, the Linux kernel source code has been thoroughly debugged by literally thousands of programmers worldwide to make it more stable.
Stability is like running OS in System without any Interruption due to changes in the software or with software driver bugs.
Security(Spying, Privacy, transparency):
Security is most important factor to be consider.
As Linux is open source, many people are resolving the security issues there by releasing frequent patches.
These are some key reasons that describes why is Linux more secure than other operating systems.
1.Privileges:
By restricting access to files and directory’s as per there user levels
for Normal users there will be limited access, for root user they have Privileged access.
2.Recording system events:
All the file access and system access will be recorded in a log file these can be reviewed by the system administrator.
For example Failed login attempts, security issues will be recorded in log, there by effective monitoring and preventive actions can be taken in Linux.
3.SELinux:
SELinux is a security enhancement to Linux which allows users and administrators have more control over file access, Where Administrators will decide what permissions and access should have for a user.
This is a next level of security in Linux.
4.Memory management:
Memory access and management plays a key role in security of an OS.
In Linux, user space and kernel space are well separated. Here, actual physical address allocated for any process will not be displayed to users, This way of managing memory makes Linux more secure.
When a Linux system is compromised, virus or malware will not get the root access to damage system wide. Only local files and programs of users will be affected, as the normal user will not have access permission to all the files in the system.
learning & Customization:
Linux is a great Platform to learn.
By learning and understanding Linux, We can deep dive into Linux to make customizations in Linux or Creating Applications for Linux.
Regarding Customization, We can make Custom visual UI for Linux OS. We can create our own distro of Linux with respect to functions and features, by adding or modifying from other distros of Linux.
The Terminal(command Line):
We can write scripts and we can execute commands using it.
If you like GUI then windows is good, but if you like CLI then Linux is best, because the Terminal is all about give commands, there will no unnecessary clicks and no unnecessary movements.
Another reason to use terminal is Input, output and error data can be easily redirected into a file.
We can Manage the permissions of files and directories from single command.
Portable:
When we need to trouble shoot systems, having light weight solution is Awesome.
We can able to carry Linux in live(bootable) USB stick, that means we can run hardware tests on large number of systems with a small Pendrive.
Community:
Linux Has very huge Community.
Lot of people are contributing for Linux to improve it and to grow it with their ideas.
The Community also helps to new comers for understanding Linux, and answers their issues.
